Common Pregnancy Complications and How to Prevent Them

Trusted Guidance from Arokya Women’s Center, Salem

Pregnancy is a beautiful journey, but it also brings significant changes to a woman’s body. While most pregnancies progress smoothly, some women may face certain health challenges along the way. Understanding these common pregnancy complications—and knowing how to prevent or manage them—can help expectant mothers feel more confident, prepared, and safe throughout their pregnancy.

At Arokya Women’s Center, Salem, our goal is to empower every mother with the knowledge and support needed for a healthy pregnancy and a safe delivery. This guide covers the most common pregnancy complications, their warning signs, and simple ways to prevent them.

Common Pregnancy Complications

1. Anaemia During Pregnancy

Anaemia is one of the most frequent complications among pregnant women, especially in India. It occurs when your body doesn’t have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen.

Common Symptoms

  • Fatigue and weakness
  • Pale skin
  • Shortness of breath
  • Dizziness

How to Prevent It

  • Eat iron-rich foods like spinach, dates, eggs, beetroot, and lean meat.
  • Combine iron foods with vitamin C (lemon, oranges) to boost absorption.
  • Take iron and folic acid supplements as recommended by your gynecologist.
  • Attend regular antenatal check-ups for monitoring haemoglobin levels.

2. Gestational Diabetes (GDM)

Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy due to hormonal changes that affect insulin levels.

Warning Signs

Many women do not show noticeable symptoms, which is why routine screening is essential. Some may experience excessive thirst or frequent urination.

Prevention Tips

  • Limit sugar and refined carbs.
  • Eat balanced meals throughout the day to maintain stable glucose levels.
  • Include light physical activity like walking (if approved by your doctor).
  • Attend glucose testing between 24 to 28 weeks.

With early detection and proper management, most women with GDM deliver healthy babies.

3. High Blood Pressure / Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a serious condition that involves high blood pressure and organ damage, usually after 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Symptoms You Must Not Ignore

  • Severe headaches
  • Blurred vision
  • Swelling in hands, feet, or face
  • Sudden weight gain

Prevention & Care

  • Monitor your blood pressure regularly.
  • Reduce salt intake and stay hydrated.
  • Follow a nutritious diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables.
  • Do not miss prenatal check-ups—early detection is key.

If diagnosed early, the condition can be managed safely under medical supervision.

4. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Pregnant women are more prone to UTIs due to hormonal changes.

Common Symptoms

  • Burning sensation during urination
  • Frequent urge to urinate
  • Lower abdominal pain
  • Cloudy or foul-smelling urine

Prevention Steps

  • Drink plenty of water.
  • Maintain good hygiene habits.
  • Do not hold urine for long periods.
  • Urinate before and after intercourse.
  • Seek treatment early to prevent kidney infection.

5. Preterm Labour

Preterm labour occurs when labour begins before 37 weeks of pregnancy. It may lead to premature birth, affecting the baby’s development.

Possible Signs

  • Regular contractions
  • Lower back pain
  • Vaginal spotting
  • Fluid leakage

How to Reduce the Risk

  • Avoid smoking, alcohol, and stress.
  • Maintain a healthy lifestyle and weight.
  • Stay hydrated and avoid heavy lifting.
  • Consult your gynecologist if you feel any early labour symptoms.

At Arokya Women’s Center, early intervention and timely care help reduce risks significantly.

6. Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Excessive Vomiting)

Some women experience extreme nausea and vomiting, leading to dehydration and weight loss.

Symptoms

  • Severe vomiting
  • Dizziness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Dehydration

Prevention & Relief

  • Eat small, frequent meals.
  • Avoid spicy or oily foods.
  • Keep ginger or lemon handy for nausea relief.
  • Stay hydrated with ORS or electrolyte-rich fluids.
  • Seek medical help if vomiting becomes severe.

7. Placenta Previa

Placenta previa occurs when the placenta covers the cervix, leading to bleeding and delivery complications.

Signs

  • Painless vaginal bleeding in the second or third trimester

Prevention & Care

While placenta previa cannot be fully prevented, timely diagnosis through ultrasound helps manage the pregnancy safely.

Doctors usually recommend:

  • Avoiding heavy activities
  • Regular monitoring
  • Possible C-section depending on severity

8. Infections Affecting Pregnancy

Certain infections—viral, bacterial, or parasitic—can pose risks to the mother and baby.

Common Risks Include

  • Fever
  • Rashes
  • Abdominal pain
  • Fetal growth issues

Prevention

  • Maintain proper hygiene
  • Avoid raw or undercooked food
  • Get vaccinated as recommended
  • Wash hands regularly
  • Follow safe sex practices

9. Thyroid Problems During Pregnancy

Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can affect the growth and development of the baby.

Prevention & Management

  • Early thyroid screening
  • Regular medication
  • Nutrient-rich diet with iodine and selenium
  • Routine prenatal visits

How Arokya Women’s Center Supports You

At Arokya Women’s Center, Salem, we provide:

  • Comprehensive antenatal check-ups
  • Advanced screening and diagnostic services
  • Personalized diet and lifestyle guidance
  • High-risk pregnancy management
  • 24/7 support for emergency pregnancy concerns

Our experienced gynecologists ensure safe monitoring, timely intervention, and compassionate care throughout your pregnancy journey.

Pregnancy complications can sound overwhelming, but with proper guidance, healthy habits, and regular check-ups, most of these conditions can be managed or prevented. Staying informed and seeking timely medical care is the best way to ensure a safe pregnancy.

For expert, personalized pregnancy care in Salem, Arokya Women’s Center is here to support you every step of the way.